continuing professional development activity for dietitians

SAJCN CPD activity No 26 - July/August 2004

"Fats and oils: towards more specific quantitative and qualitative guidelines for South Africans?"

(Ref number: DT 04/3/078/12)

ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS INDICATED IN BOLD

1. Breast milk contains only 30% of energy as fat.
   1. True
   2. False
2. Women of child-bearing age need at least 20% of their energy as fat.
   1. True
   2. False
3. To protect against non-communicable diseases, sedentary persons should not consume more than 30% of their energy as fat, of which less than 10% should come from saturated fatty acids.
   1. True
   2. False
4.  ß-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol are sterol compounds found only in animal-derived foods.
   1. True
   2. False
5. Trans-fatty acids, because of similar shapes, have similar detrimental effects on human health to those attributed to saturated fatty acids.
   1. True
   2. False
6. Although linoleic and α-linolenic acids are termed "essential fatty acids" they can be synthesized by humans.
   1. True
   2. False
7. Both very low (less than 10% of energy) and high (more than 30% of energy) fat diets are associated with insulin resistance.
   1. True
   2. False
8. Omega-3 fatty acids are necessary for a normal immunological response.
   1. True
   2. False
9. Individuals differ in their response to dietary intakes because of differences in genetic patterns.
   1. True
   2. False
10. There is evidence that although rural Africans in South Africa follow diets with recommended P/S ratios (≥ 1.0 ), intakes of omega-3 fatty acids are deficient.
    1. True
    2. False
11. To meet micronutrient needs, diets with at least 30% of energy as fat should be recommended.
    1. True
    2. False
12. In South Africa, with its growing prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases, the recommendation on intakes of dietary fats and oils should be: "as low as possible".
    1. True
    2. False